About Claudius

Learn about the history of Claudius Scholar, and how we are dedicated to improving the lives of legal scholars!

Past

Claudius was spun out of Princeton University in 2019.

From day one, the company has aimed to empower legal scholars and attorneys while adhering to core principles of accuracy, reliability, efficiency, fairness, freedom from bias, accountability, transparency, security, and privacy.

Present

Claudius Scholar's journey to the present day has been remarkable.

The company has received support from the Duke Law Tech Lab, Princeton's eLab Incubator and Accelerator, Google's AI Startups Program, and the National Science Foundation via SBIR Phase I and Phase II grants.

This backing has enabled the development of an AI that significantly improves the lives of legal scholars and law journal editors.

Future

Claudius's future aim is clear and within reach: no legal scholar, regardless of affiliation, position, or access to resources, should have to work without Claudius Scholar.

Likewise, all 700+ law journals should be able to use Claudius to make faster, better, and more rigorous decisions about which articles to publish.

Legal scholarship is essential to the U.S. legal system, and the U.S. legal system is a pillar of our society. Claudius takes this responsibility seriously.

DJDT

Versions

Package	Name	Version
Django		5.1.1
Python		3.12.12
allauth	Allauth	64.2.0.final.0
bootstrapform	Bootstrapform	3.4
crispy_forms	Crispy_Forms	1.14.0
debug_toolbar	Debug Toolbar	5.1.0
django_extensions	Django Extensions	3.1.5
django_filters	Django_Filters	24.3

Time

Resource usage

Resource	Value
User CPU time	10.000 msec
System CPU time	0.000 msec
Total CPU time	10.000 msec
Elapsed time	22.156 msec
Context switches	0 voluntary, 0 involuntary

Browser timing

Timing attribute	Timeline	Milliseconds since navigation start (+length)

Settings from claudius_scholar.settings

Setting	Value
ABSOLUTE_URL_OVERRIDES	`{}`
ACCOUNT_ADAPTER	`'claudius_scholar.adapters.CustomAccountAdapter'`
ACCOUNT_EMAIL_REQUIRED	`True`
ACCOUNT_LOGOUT_ON_GET	`True`
ACCOUNT_UNIQUE_EMAIL	`True`
ADMINS	`[]`
ALLOWED_HOSTS	`['cs.heinonline.org', '.project-677401f5-223e-48b0-bd8.uc.r.appspot.com']`
APPEND_SLASH	`True`
AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS	`['django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend', 'allauth.account.auth_backends.AuthenticationBackend']`
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS	`'********************'`
AUTH_PROFILE_MODULE	`'claudius_scholar.models.UserProfile'`
AUTH_USER_MODEL	`'auth.User'`
BASE_DIR	`PosixPath('/workspace')`
CACHES	`{'default': {'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.locmem.LocMemCache'}}`
CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_ALIAS	`'default'`
CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_KEY_PREFIX	`'********************'`
CACHE_MIDDLEWARE_SECONDS	`600`
CORS_ALLOWED_ORIGINS	`['https://www.cs.heinonline.org', 'https://cs.heinonline.org']`
CORS_ALLOW_CREDENTIALS	`True`
CRISPY_TEMPLATE_PACK	`'uni_form'`
CSRF_COOKIE_AGE	`31449600`
CSRF_COOKIE_DOMAIN	`None`
CSRF_COOKIE_HTTPONLY	`False`
CSRF_COOKIE_NAME	`'csrftoken'`
CSRF_COOKIE_PATH	`'/'`
CSRF_COOKIE_SAMESITE	`'Lax'`
CSRF_COOKIE_SECURE	`True`
CSRF_FAILURE_VIEW	`'django.views.csrf.csrf_failure'`
CSRF_HEADER_NAME	`'HTTP_X_CSRFTOKEN'`
CSRF_TRUSTED_ORIGINS	`[]`
CSRF_USE_SESSIONS	`False`
DATABASES	`{'default': {'ATOMIC_REQUESTS': False, 'AUTOCOMMIT': True, 'CONN_HEALTH_CHECKS': False, 'CONN_MAX_AGE': 0, 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2', 'HOST': '/cloudsql/project-677401f5-223e-48b0-bd8:us-central1:cs-prod', 'NAME': 'claudius_scholar', 'OPTIONS': {}, 'PASSWORD': '********************', 'PORT': 5432, 'TEST': {'CHARSET': None, 'COLLATION': None, 'MIGRATE': True, 'MIRROR': None, 'NAME': None}, 'TIME_ZONE': None, 'USER': 'postgres'}}`
DATABASE_ROUTERS	`[]`
DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE	`2621440`
DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_NUMBER_FIELDS	`1000`
DATA_UPLOAD_MAX_NUMBER_FILES	`100`
DATETIME_FORMAT	`'N j, Y, P'`
DATETIME_INPUT_FORMATS	`['%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M', '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S', '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S.%f', '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M', '%m/%d/%y %H:%M:%S', '%m/%d/%y %H:%M:%S.%f', '%m/%d/%y %H:%M']`
DATE_FORMAT	`'N j, Y'`
DATE_INPUT_FORMATS	`['%Y-%m-%d', '%m/%d/%Y', '%m/%d/%y', '%b %d %Y', '%b %d, %Y', '%d %b %Y', '%d %b, %Y', '%B %d %Y', '%B %d, %Y', '%d %B %Y', '%d %B, %Y']`
DEBUG	`True`
DEBUG_PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS	`False`
DECIMAL_SEPARATOR	`'.'`
DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD	`'django.db.models.BigAutoField'`
DEFAULT_CHARSET	`'utf-8'`
DEFAULT_EXCEPTION_REPORTER	`'django.views.debug.ExceptionReporter'`
DEFAULT_EXCEPTION_REPORTER_FILTER	`'django.views.debug.SafeExceptionReporterFilter'`
DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL	`'Claudius Scholar <scholar@claudius.ai>'`
DEFAULT_INDEX_TABLESPACE	`''`
DEFAULT_TABLESPACE	`''`
DISALLOWED_USER_AGENTS	`[]`
EMAIL_BACKEND	`'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend'`
EMAIL_HOST	`'smtp.gmail.com'`
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD	`'********************'`
EMAIL_HOST_USER	`'scholar@claudius.ai'`
EMAIL_PORT	`'587'`
EMAIL_SSL_CERTFILE	`None`
EMAIL_SSL_KEYFILE	`'********************'`
EMAIL_SUBJECT_PREFIX	`'[Django] '`
EMAIL_TIMEOUT	`None`
EMAIL_USE_LOCALTIME	`False`
EMAIL_USE_SSL	`False`
EMAIL_USE_TLS	`True`
FILE_UPLOAD_DIRECTORY_PERMISSIONS	`None`
FILE_UPLOAD_HANDLERS	`['django.core.files.uploadhandler.MemoryFileUploadHandler', 'django.core.files.uploadhandler.TemporaryFileUploadHandler']`
FILE_UPLOAD_MAX_MEMORY_SIZE	`2621440`
FILE_UPLOAD_PERMISSIONS	`420`
FILE_UPLOAD_TEMP_DIR	`None`
FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK	`0`
FIXTURE_DIRS	`[]`
FORCE_SCRIPT_NAME	`None`
FORMAT_MODULE_PATH	`None`
FORMS_URLFIELD_ASSUME_HTTPS	`False`
FORM_RENDERER	`'django.forms.renderers.DjangoTemplates'`
GCP_GCS_PATH	`'production-uploads'`
GCP_GCS_PATH_ARTICLE	`'articles'`
GCS_IMAGE_BUCKET_NAME	`'cs-image'`
GCS_IMAGE_ENDPOINT	`'https://image.cs.heinonline.org'`
GCS_USER_BUCKET_NAME	`'cs-user-upload'`
IGNORABLE_404_URLS	`[]`
INSTALLED_APPS	['corsheaders', 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'claudius_scholar.apps.ClaudiusScholarConfig', 'claudius_scholar.dashboard.apps.DashboardConfig', 'claudius_scholar.journals.apps.JournalsConfig', 'claudius_scholar.personal_profile.apps.PersonalProfileConfig', 'claudius_scholar.journal_profile.apps.JournalProfileConfig', 'claudius_scholar.paper.apps.PaperConfig', 'claudius_scholar.user_auth.apps.UserAuthConfig', 'claudius_scholar.account.apps.AccountConfig', 'claudius_scholar.trends.apps.AnalyticsConfig', 'claudius_scholar.ai_analytics.apps.CitationGeneratorConfig', 'claudius_scholar.submission_forum.apps.SubmissionForumConfig', 'claudius_scholar.company_info.apps.CompanyInfoConfig', 'claudius_scholar.folder.apps.FolderConfig', 'bootstrapform', 'django_filters', 'django_extensions', 'crispy_forms', 'django.contrib.sites', 'allauth', 'allauth.account', 'allauth.socialaccount', 'allauth.socialaccount.providers.google', 'debug_toolbar']
INTERNAL_IPS	`['127.0.0.1']`
LANGUAGES	[('af', 'Afrikaans'), ('ar', 'Arabic'), ('ar-dz', 'Algerian Arabic'), ('ast', 'Asturian'), ('az', 'Azerbaijani'), ('bg', 'Bulgarian'), ('be', 'Belarusian'), ('bn', 'Bengali'), ('br', 'Breton'), ('bs', 'Bosnian'), ('ca', 'Catalan'), ('ckb', 'Central Kurdish (Sorani)'), ('cs', 'Czech'), ('cy', 'Welsh'), ('da', 'Danish'), ('de', 'German'), ('dsb', 'Lower Sorbian'), ('el', 'Greek'), ('en', 'English'), ('en-au', 'Australian English'), ('en-gb', 'British English'), ('eo', 'Esperanto'), ('es', 'Spanish'), ('es-ar', 'Argentinian Spanish'), ('es-co', 'Colombian Spanish'), ('es-mx', 'Mexican Spanish'), ('es-ni', 'Nicaraguan Spanish'), ('es-ve', 'Venezuelan Spanish'), ('et', 'Estonian'), ('eu', 'Basque'), ('fa', 'Persian'), ('fi', 'Finnish'), ('fr', 'French'), ('fy', 'Frisian'), ('ga', 'Irish'), ('gd', 'Scottish Gaelic'), ('gl', 'Galician'), ('he', 'Hebrew'), ('hi', 'Hindi'), ('hr', 'Croatian'), ('hsb', 'Upper Sorbian'), ('hu', 'Hungarian'), ('hy', 'Armenian'), ('ia', 'Interlingua'), ('id', 'Indonesian'), ('ig', 'Igbo'), ('io', 'Ido'), ('is', 'Icelandic'), ('it', 'Italian'), ('ja', 'Japanese'), ('ka', 'Georgian'), ('kab', 'Kabyle'), ('kk', 'Kazakh'), ('km', 'Khmer'), ('kn', 'Kannada'), ('ko', 'Korean'), ('ky', 'Kyrgyz'), ('lb', 'Luxembourgish'), ('lt', 'Lithuanian'), ('lv', 'Latvian'), ('mk', 'Macedonian'), ('ml', 'Malayalam'), ('mn', 'Mongolian'), ('mr', 'Marathi'), ('ms', 'Malay'), ('my', 'Burmese'), ('nb', 'Norwegian Bokmål'), ('ne', 'Nepali'), ('nl', 'Dutch'), ('nn', 'Norwegian Nynorsk'), ('os', 'Ossetic'), ('pa', 'Punjabi'), ('pl', 'Polish'), ('pt', 'Portuguese'), ('pt-br', 'Brazilian Portuguese'), ('ro', 'Romanian'), ('ru', 'Russian'), ('sk', 'Slovak'), ('sl', 'Slovenian'), ('sq', 'Albanian'), ('sr', 'Serbian'), ('sr-latn', 'Serbian Latin'), ('sv', 'Swedish'), ('sw', 'Swahili'), ('ta', 'Tamil'), ('te', 'Telugu'), ('tg', 'Tajik'), ('th', 'Thai'), ('tk', 'Turkmen'), ('tr', 'Turkish'), ('tt', 'Tatar'), ('udm', 'Udmurt'), ('ug', 'Uyghur'), ('uk', 'Ukrainian'), ('ur', 'Urdu'), ('uz', 'Uzbek'), ('vi', 'Vietnamese'), ('zh-hans', 'Simplified Chinese'), ('zh-hant', 'Traditional Chinese')]
LANGUAGES_BIDI	`['he', 'ar', 'ar-dz', 'ckb', 'fa', 'ug', 'ur']`
LANGUAGE_CODE	`'en-us'`
LANGUAGE_COOKIE_AGE	`None`
LANGUAGE_COOKIE_DOMAIN	`None`
LANGUAGE_COOKIE_HTTPONLY	`False`
LANGUAGE_COOKIE_NAME	`'django_language'`
LANGUAGE_COOKIE_PATH	`'/'`
LANGUAGE_COOKIE_SAMESITE	`None`
LANGUAGE_COOKIE_SECURE	`False`
LOCALE_PATHS	`[]`
LOGGING	`{}`
LOGGING_CONFIG	`'logging.config.dictConfig'`
LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL	`'/dashboard'`
LOGIN_URL	`'/auth/login'`
LOGOUT_REDIRECT_URL	`None`
MANAGERS	`[]`
MEDIA_ROOT	`''`
MEDIA_URL	`'/'`
MESSAGE_STORAGE	`'django.contrib.messages.storage.fallback.FallbackStorage'`
MIDDLEWARE	['corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware', 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', 'allauth.account.middleware.AccountMiddleware', 'claudius_scholar.middleware.ProfileCompletionMiddleware', 'claudius_scholar.middleware.LogFailedRequestsMiddleware', 'debug_toolbar.middleware.DebugToolbarMiddleware']
MIGRATION_MODULES	`{}`
MIXPANEL_API_SECRET	`'********************'`
MIXPANEL_CLIENT_KEY	`'********************'`
MIXPANEL_PROJECT_ID	`'2620121'`
MONTH_DAY_FORMAT	`'F j'`
NUMBER_GROUPING	`0`
PASSWORD_HASHERS	`'********************'`
PASSWORD_RESET_TIMEOUT	`'********************'`
PREPEND_WWW	`False`
PROJECT_ID	`'project-677401f5-223e-48b0-bd8'`
ROOT_URLCONF	`'claudius_scholar.urls'`
SECRET_KEY	`'********************'`
SECRET_KEY_FALLBACKS	`'********************'`
SECURE_CONTENT_TYPE_NOSNIFF	`True`
SECURE_CROSS_ORIGIN_OPENER_POLICY	`'same-origin'`
SECURE_HSTS_INCLUDE_SUBDOMAINS	`False`
SECURE_HSTS_PRELOAD	`False`
SECURE_HSTS_SECONDS	`0`
SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER	`('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO', 'https')`
SECURE_REDIRECT_EXEMPT	`['^jobs/']`
SECURE_REFERRER_POLICY	`'same-origin'`
SECURE_SSL_HOST	`None`
SECURE_SSL_REDIRECT	`True`
SERVER_EMAIL	`'root@localhost'`
SESSION_CACHE_ALIAS	`'default'`
SESSION_COOKIE_AGE	`86400`
SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN	`None`
SESSION_COOKIE_HTTPONLY	`True`
SESSION_COOKIE_NAME	`'sessionid'`
SESSION_COOKIE_PATH	`'/'`
SESSION_COOKIE_SAMESITE	`'Lax'`
SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE	`True`
SESSION_ENGINE	`'django.contrib.sessions.backends.db'`
SESSION_EXPIRE_AT_BROWSER_CLOSE	`True`
SESSION_FILE_PATH	`None`
SESSION_SAVE_EVERY_REQUEST	`False`
SESSION_SERIALIZER	`'django.contrib.sessions.serializers.JSONSerializer'`
SETTINGS_MODULE	`'claudius_scholar.settings'`
SETTINGS_SECRET_NAME	`'********************'`
SHORT_DATETIME_FORMAT	`'m/d/Y P'`
SHORT_DATE_FORMAT	`'m/d/Y'`
SIGNING_BACKEND	`'django.core.signing.TimestampSigner'`
SILENCED_SYSTEM_CHECKS	`[]`
SITE_ID	`1`
SOCIALACCOUNT_ADAPTER	`'claudius_scholar.adapters.CustomSocialAccountAdapter'`
SOCIALACCOUNT_LOGIN_ON_GET	`True`
SOCIALACCOUNT_PROVIDERS	`{'google': {'AUTH_PARAMS': {'access_type': 'online'}, 'OAUTH_PKCE_ENABLED': True, 'SCOPE': ['profile', 'email']}}`
SOCIALACCOUNT_QUERY_EMAIL	`True`
STATICFILES_DIRS	`['/workspace/static']`
STATICFILES_FINDERS	`['django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder', 'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder']`
STATIC_ROOT	`'/staticfiles'`
STATIC_URL	`'https://static.cs.heinonline.org/'`
STORAGES	`{'default': {'BACKEND': 'storages.backends.gcloud.GoogleCloudStorage', 'OPTIONS': {'bucket_name': 'cs-user-upload', 'credentials': <google.oauth2.service_account.Credentials object at 0x7f5d8ab67410>}}, 'staticfiles': {'BACKEND': 'storages.backends.gcloud.GoogleCloudStorage', 'OPTIONS': {'bucket_name': 'cs-static', 'custom_endpoint': 'https://static.cs.heinonline.org', 'querystring_auth': False}}}`
STRIPE_PUBLIC_KEY	`'********************'`
STRIPE_SECRET	`'********************'`
TEMPLATES	`[{'APP_DIRS': True, 'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates', 'DIRS': [], 'OPTIONS': {'context_processors': ['django.template.context_processors.debug', 'django.template.context_processors.request', 'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth', 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages']}}]`
TEST_NON_SERIALIZED_APPS	`[]`
TEST_RUNNER	`'django.test.runner.DiscoverRunner'`
THOUSAND_SEPARATOR	`','`
TIME_FORMAT	`'P'`
TIME_INPUT_FORMATS	`['%H:%M:%S', '%H:%M:%S.%f', '%H:%M']`
TIME_ZONE	`'America/New_York'`
USE_I18N	`True`
USE_L10N	`True`
USE_THOUSAND_SEPARATOR	`False`
USE_TZ	`True`
USE_X_FORWARDED_HOST	`False`
USE_X_FORWARDED_PORT	`False`
WHITELIST	`['Haolin', 'demoresearcher']`
WSGI_APPLICATION	`'claudius_scholar.wsgi.application'`
X_FRAME_OPTIONS	`'DENY'`
YEAR_MONTH_FORMAT	`'F Y'`
_APP_ENGINE_SA	`'project-677401f5-223e-48b0-bd8@appspot.gserviceaccount.com'`
_GCS_SIGNING_CREDENTIALS	`<google.oauth2.service_account.Credentials object at 0x7f5d8ab67410>`

Headers

Request headers

Key	Value
Accept	/
Accept-Encoding	gzip, br, zstd, deflate
Forwarded	for="216.73.216.186";proto=https
Host	cs.heinonline.org
Referer	https://cs.heinonline.org/about
Traceparent	00-1b90d78776307a5b869f7b9094fc7f17-1d1050c955d6ffc7-00
User-Agent	Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)
X-Appengine-Api-Ticket	ChA5MmNmODdkZGE2ODE2ODIxEKCN8iEQsY3yIRC6uvcxEMS69zEQ2f/XNxDs/9c3ENqZhjgQ5JmGOBoTCKuB64q6pZMDFXdSEgEdzbo9kg==
X-Appengine-Appversionid	s~project-677401f5-223e-48b0-bd8/20260316t201831.476121926716233695
X-Appengine-City	columbus
X-Appengine-Citylatlong	39.962511,-83.003222
X-Appengine-Country	US
X-Appengine-Default-Namespace	gmail.com
X-Appengine-Default-Version-Hostname	project-677401f5-223e-48b0-bd8.uc.r.appspot.com
X-Appengine-Https	on
X-Appengine-Region	oh
X-Appengine-Request-Log-Id	69b8823e00ff04352be17263530001737e70726f6a6563742d36373734303166352d323233652d343862302d6264380001323032363033313674323031383331000100
X-Appengine-Timeout-Ms	599999
X-Appengine-User-Ip	216.73.216.186
X-Cloud-Trace-Context	1b90d78776307a5b869f7b9094fc7f17/2094262652386082759
X-Forwarded-For	216.73.216.186, 169.254.1.1
X-Forwarded-Proto	https
X-Google-Apps-Metadata	domain=gmail.com,host=cs.heinonline.org

Response headers

Key	Value
Content-Type	text/html; charset=utf-8

WSGI environ

Since the WSGI environ inherits the environment of the server, only a significant subset is shown below.

Key	Value
PATH_INFO	/about/
QUERY_STRING
REMOTE_ADDR	127.0.0.1
REQUEST_METHOD	GET
SCRIPT_NAME
SERVER_NAME	0.0.0.0
SERVER_PORT	8081
SERVER_PROTOCOL	HTTP/1.1
SERVER_SOFTWARE	gunicorn/23.0.0

Request

View information

View function	Arguments	Keyword arguments	URL name
`claudius_scholar.company_info.views.about`	`()`	`{}`	`about`

No cookies

No session data

No GET data

No POST data

SQL queries from 0 connections

No SQL queries were recorded during this request.

Static files (139 found, 0 used)

Static file path

/workspace/static

Static file apps

django.contrib.admin
django_extensions
debug_toolbar

Static files

None

django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder (139 files)

Templates (2 rendered)

Template paths